# ls -l /etc/shadow
-r-------- 1 root root 2158 Jul 15 21:15 /etc/shadow
# ls -l /usr/bin/head
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 29212 Mar 21 2012 /usr/bin/head
# useradd headuser
# su - headuser
$ head /etc/shadow
head: cannot open `/etc/shadow' for reading: Permission denied
$ exit
# chmod u+s /usr/bin/head
# ls -l /usr/bin/head
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 29212 Mar 21 2012 /usr/bin/head
# su - headuser
$ head /etc/shadow
root:$6$nmLBZVkD$pstH .../:16626:0:99999:7
:
:
$ exit
# echo 1234 | passwd --stdin headuser
# tail -1 /etc/shadow
headuser:$6$.xKuWGln$6U...:16631:0:99999:7:::
# su - headuser
$ passwd
Changing password for user headuser.
Changing password for headuser
(current) UNIX password:
passwd: Authentication token manipulation error
$ !!
passwd
Changing password for user headuser.
Changing password for headuser
(current) UNIX password: <-- 1234 입력
New UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
$ exit
# tail -1 /etc/shadow
headuser:$6$CD2VyJWC$NbYm08fP...:16631:0:99999:7:::
# ls -l `which passwd`
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 23420 Aug 11 2010 /usr/bin/passwd
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